Critique of Eros and The Ethics of Love

For millennia, people have loved. We’ve known it by many different names, and expressed it in many different ways; however the basic notion of love has been present in societies for an incredible length of time. But what love means and how we think about it has changed over the centuries, and varies with culture and society. In this essay, I will explore the notion of love, and explore whether love is a virtuous emotion or an untrustworthy passion, I will also explore the notions of love as an Aristotelian virtue, and the general problem of emotions and reason, and Kant’s practical and pathological love, in order to explore and critique notions of romantic love. To begin I must clarify what I mean by the word love and what I mean by virtue.

The ancient Greeks identified three different forms of love, eros, agape and philia. Whilst there are considerable things to be said about the word ‘love’, as Robert Solomon describes in “In the Beginning, The Word”, I will not take into consideration any sociological, or descriptive notions of what the word ‘love’ means in practice, but rather focus on the emotion, beliefs or feelings that we use the word love to convey, which for the ancient greeks was eros. For Robert Solomon, eros is defined by romantic love, and is distinguished from other kinds of love or affection, such as “… motherly, fatherly, brotherly, or sisterly love and friendship”(Solomon, 1988, p. 13). Whilst the other notions of love are just as important, I will be focusing mostly on eros. Agape is a more generalised love that one could feel for humanity or the divine or spiritual, whilst philia is more accurately translated as friendship, or as the feelings one feels for a friend.

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